The article considers a refined mathematical model of motion of a wheel set with a variable structure of a system of nonlinear differential equations, as well as design diagrams describing interaction of elements of a railway vehicle and a track. The model also takes into account factors that are relevant for speed movement, such as gyroscopic moment and imbalance of a wheel set. The «vehicle-track» system is presented as complex and multi-mass one, with a different structure of interconnections. The track is studied in the form of a free curved surface on the Winkler base as a system of separate inertial elastic supports with dry friction dampers. The model will allow to obtain the correct quantitative results, to evaluate the dynamic properties of rolling stock.

The need for theoretical and methodological assessments of organization of the transport process, of the features of the passenger transportation market in the modern city is explained by the changing economic conditions in the country and transformation of legal foundations of production and business activities. The planning methodology, which is discussed in the first place, is considered in retrospect, successive development and is open to continuations, allowing to permanently obtain scientifically based results, verified solutions and reliable forecasts.

The current Russian legislation binds public authorities, regional and local governments to carry out organization of regular transportation of passengers and their baggage on the routes of the road and urban ground electric transport. The main act defining the competence of the executive authorities in development of regular passenger transportation is a document on planning of regular transportation. As such a document has not previously been implemented, its development should be carried out permanently at all levels of public administration and city management.

The analysis shows that it is advisable to develop a guide to transport planning, which would set forth methods of solving routing problems and technological organization of passenger transportation on regular routes of urban motor and urban electric transport, include the possibility of using modern software for modeling mobility and passenger transportation, as well as information obtained from georeferencing tools and the use of electronic IT. The guide should be based on the concept of sustainable development of transport systems and facilities; transport accessibility of various territories and objects for potential passengers; integration of urban planning, transport, environmental, social and other types of legislation; capabilities of modern «smart cities»; technical innovations in the field of transport engineering; an integrated approach and the concept of logistics of passenger traffic; permanent monitoring; improved staff qualifications.

A method of developing of information systematization of the subject domain of automated systems for technical preparation of production is proposed. A network semantic model of the knowledge base of a machine-building enterprise is formed taking into account all possible operations.

To solve the problem of integrating computer-aided design, managing technological and organizational-economic processes, the concept of localized surfaces is used, which are the main elements of the information structure of an enterprise and combine five types of relationships: material, dimensional, temporal, informational and economic properties.

A theoretical and calculational substantiation of a possibility of implementing a qualitatively new design scheme of an aircraft of vertical take-off, in which the lifting force is initiated by a single vortex, artificially created over the aircraft, and the resulting static pressure drop above and below the device is presented. Decisions on vortex flows generated by a rotating disk and tornado-like vortexes arising in the atmosphere are analyzed. Layout schemes of an apparatus for vertical take-off of two types are proposed - with vortex and jet-vortex lift generators. In both schemes, it is supposed to use vertically mounted bi-rotor drive motors, in which both the rotor and the stator rotate, but in mutually opposite directions.

The article considers the results of the design analysis of supporting structures of overpasses with a single-track railway line. The obtained stress-strain states in the elements of reinforced concrete span structures and intermediate supports under given loads using spatial finite-element models allow us to compare them with the normalized load range and the level of real stability and reliability of bridge objects. In this case, the need arises to monitor such states to maintain viability of the structures in use.

Basing on computational-experimental methods, theoretical and experimental studies were carried out in Tver on carrying capacity of car bodies of electric trains of the new generation EG2Tv under the influence of various normative stresses. Based on the preliminary evaluation of stress-strain state individual components of the metal structure of bodies were changed. The results of static strength tests showed that the main indicators of strength of the body fully comply with the requirements of standards and thus the rationality of the decisions made is confirmed. Taking into account the positive results of the tests, the bodies were transferred for further tests, namely, to determine the parameters of flexural vibrations.

To double the noise immunity of digital radio communications of frequency-managed transport systems, it is proposed to use the method of coherent detection of frequency-manipulated signals (FMn) instead of envelope detection. At the same time, the reverse operation of the coherent detector of signals with absolute phase manipulation (PMn) at 180° is achieved due to the post-detector signal processing. Such processing is possible with participation of a frequency detector on frustrated circuits with a trigger connected to it.

The process of reforming railway transport requires the use of modern methods and tools of economic work. One of the key management tools that ensures the interrelation of the company’s strategy with the tasks of numerous divisions is budgeting technology. Technical regulation of operational work determines resources which are necessary for implementation of the transportation plan. A closer interaction of budget of production and technical regulation, in the authors’ opinion, will make the transportation process more rational and will result in least material, technical, financial and economic costs.

JSC Russian Railways occupies a leading position on the Russian market of transport bonds. Since 2010, it has issued Eurobonds. International projects require a large amount of resources in foreign currency. The issuance of bonds is fraught with serious risks, which are particularly currency risk, risk of non-placement, interest risk, reputation risk. It is important for an investor to understand the scope of risks when making investments in Russian Railways bonds. The use of non-standard methods of financial mathematics allows to estimate the risk of issued bonds in terms of their redemption. In order to make the right decision regarding investment, investors are encouraged to focus on indicators such as duration and its relation to the full term of the bonds.

The fleet of urban passenger transport has a constantly growing physical and moral deterioration. And it is necessary to have time to refurbish it and to replace. However, this task is becoming a problem due to the lack of financial resources. Previously, in Russia renewal was carried out at the expense of depreciation of fixed assets of transport enterprises. Now according to regulations it has to be done at the expense of profit, which entails certain losses and requires to look for reliable sources of targeted funding. The article refers to the study of possible sources of funding of renewal of urban passenger vehicle fleet, their optimal use, and their impact on the development of urban mass transit systems. Target budget funding and depreciation deductions, private public partnership in the form of so called municipal leasing are considered with regard to Russian urban public transport.

The article describes Vorkuta transport hub as one of the few large regional centers of the Russian North, which, because of its location, is so important for development of transportation links in the European and Ural Arctic zone. It is shown that the capacity of this hub, which has in its infrastructure all modes of transport, except inland water transport, meets region’s current needs in freight and passenger transportation. Nevertheless, exploration of natural resources of the Arctic region and solution of other development tasks require strengthening of the existing transport capacity of Vorkuta region through implementation of transport projects under the study, particularly regarding renewal of railroads, civil aviation, road transport and pipelines.

Based on press releases of the Ministry of Transport of Russia and own information. Photos: press service of the Ministry of Transport of Russian Federation, Russian University of Transport, I. Arbuzova

A promising control method for railways, that takes into account minimization of the number of outdoor technological facilities, use of wireless data transmission technologies, as well as use of renewable energy sources for decentralized switch systems is considered. It is proposed to implement all other commands through the use of cyber-protected radio channel while renouncing to discrete positioning of mobile units and discrete transmission of data on the speed patterns of train movement. The system of switches with autonomous power and use of a radio channel to manage and control the position of switch blades must be adapted in stages, starting from the local level and basing on availability of portable devices and going to comprehensive centralised control system within the station.

For a number of significant reasons and considerations, low-density (low-density traffic, low-intensity) railway lines retain their intended functions. There are problems of efficient operation of low-density railway lines (LDRL) both in Europe and in Russia. The effectiveness of the use of LDRL is one of the priorities facing the transport industry. And their features in a changing social and market environment require regular updating of legal framework, regulatory amendments, interpretation of legal responsibility of operating companies and authorities at various levels. The authors of the article assess the current context of the possibilities of preserving or refusal to maintain low-density railway lines in the structure of JSC Russian Railways. At the same time, optimization of operation of these lines through the transfer of LDRL to private ownership, leasing, and closure of LDRL is considered. An algorithm for decision-making on operation change of LDRL is given.

The article presents an analysis of the most effective technical solutions for creation of overhead metro in the largest cities of the Russian Federation. It is proposed in construction of metro lines of this type to use prefabricated elevated above-ground tunnels in closed cylindrical shells of precast concrete and steel composite concrete. The importance of the problem of removal of the infrastructure of high-speed rail transport from the zone of contact with roads due to the growth of motorization in the cities of modern Russia is emphasized.

Using the obtained materials on strength characteristics of ice, the authors analyze the methods of de-icing based on ice properties and behavior in various conditions. It is established that thermal effects (melting, steam and gas-thermal) can be considered the most disadvantageous from the standpoint of energy consumption. Chemical destruction of ice leads to corrosive effects on the pavement, vehicles and adversely affect people and the environment. Many other methods (electrophysical, electrohydraulic, electromagnetic) are at the stage of scientific development. The most profitable method from the point of view of simplicity of design, energy consumption, environmental friendliness and efficiency remains the mechanical method of breaking ice (impact, pressure reduction under the ice crust, cutting, spalling, drilling). The design of an adapter for road machines to de-ice roads, proposed in the article is primarily characterized by ease of manufacture and maintenance.

Tasks of regional development comprise among core objectives maintenance of ecological safety of the territories, cleanliness and improvement of the human environment. The article deals with issues of monitoring, planning, as well as of technical, economic regulation of processing of waste and secondary material resources of production and consumption sectors. The approaches to improving of management and efficiency growth in that field are studied. Particular emphasis is placed on the use fo waste and secondary resources as of raw material for production of various types of goods, items and semi-finished household products and energy.

Kuznetsov, D. I. Betancourt. Moscow, Molodaya gvardia publ., 2018, 472 p. Life of remarkable people: biographic series; issue 1720. - ISBN 978-5-235-04094-6.

The book tells the story of life of a Russian subject from the Canary Islands, a Russian Spaniard Augustine Betancourt - a scientist, an engineer, architect, and chief director of transport of the Russian Empire. Being in the public service at the court of Alexander I for the last sixteen years of his life and being in the rank of general, occupying a ministerial post, he managed to do a lot, carried out many large-scale and extremely important projects for the country. Thanks to him, the Corps of Railway Engineers and the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers were created - the first higher education institution in Russia that trained engineering personnel of the European level since 1810 and thus marked the beginning of the domestic system of engineering education and of higher transport education.

Selected abstracts of Ph.D. theses submitted at Russian transport universities.

Compiled by Natalia Oleynik

The article describes the biography of Alexander Alekseev, who greatly contributed to development of railway electric engineering in Russia in the middle of the 20^th century, hundred years ago, when work on creation of the first domestic traction motors for rail locomotives and trams was just beginning in the country, no one knew the name of this famous man now included in the chronicle of Soviet and Russian science, Thanks to the talent and dedication of such scientists and designers as Alexander Alekseev, the field of energy and electrical engineering has reached great heights in his time.

Zheleznodorozhnoe delo [Railway Business], 1908, No. 43, p. 268

The article is devoted to almost forgotten idea of a train running on spheres or balls. The fate of this project was unenviable, although it promised many things and had a considerable feedback both in the USSR and abroad. The invention of NikolaiYarmolchuk (1898-1979) seemed quite promising, especially since in the 30s of the last century one could only dream of high-speed ground transportation. But the main thing - the unusualness of the idea itself struck. It combined the paradox of thought, the challenge to the usual course of things, a kind of intuitive anticipation of the future.

Publication based on Russian and foreign sources prepared.

The results of experiments that have been conducted by the authors since 2004 together with professional pilots and students of the University of Civil Aviation are analyzed. The aim of the research is to study the possibilities of the socionic model of intertype relationships for assessing the interaction in a two-member aircraft crew using the complex socionic efficiency criterion and data of indirect sociometry. The statistical criterial dependencies are given. The article continues the previously started topic (see World of Transport and Transportation, 2014, Iss. 5; 2016, Iss. 1; 2017, Iss. 3).

In the article, the process of forming the identity of railway transport employees is considered on the methodological basis of the theory of social identity, the psychological concept of self-determination and the new institutional economics. It is substantiated that identity is a non-monetary form of labor motivation. The results of testing such an approach to evaluating identity in various organizations are described. It is shown that JSC Russian Railways has created a sustainable system for managing personnel and the social sphere using significant material and financial resources, which in turn facilitates corporate consolidation and actualizes the problem of assessing employee identity as one of the activities of human resources management services.

The article is devoted to cooperation of the Russian Federation and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the field of railway transport and vocational education. Against the background of modern realities and the problems of the railways of Vietnam, the prospects for their reconstruction and development, the task of training of qualified specialists by Russian University of Transport for construction and operation of new rail tracks in the country, including metro lines and high-speed highways, is considered.

JSC Russian Railways information

Information retrieved from Moscow Mayor official website: https://www.mos.ru/en/news/item/50633073

Based on the information of the Moscow Mayor official website: https://www.mos.ru/news/item/50423073

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