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World of Transport and Transportation

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Vol 15, Iss 6 (2017)

THEORY

6-19 425
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article presents a methodology for calculating the parameters of transport accessibility level in the territories of large cities. With the help of the proposed model, it is possible to assess the situation with the volume of transport correspondence, as well as the change in the indicators of accessibility after the implementation of individual scenarios for development of transport infrastructure. The methods for calculating modeling, forecasting the road load, introducing zoning principles give specialists in the field of urban planning, transport planning and traffic management in the cities a clear tool for formation of a reliable transport system. Keywords: urban transport system, modeling, organization of traffic, transport accessibility of territories, transport accessibility level, zoning, infrastructure, civil engineering, urban geography.
20-30 328
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article describes the results of the study on object and situation oriented modelling of transport control, reveals the sense and contents of relevant information models, similarities and differences between described models, considers features of static and dynamic data situations, their differentiation by criteria of interaction and state. The authors suggest method of the use of the model of information situation for assessment of information uncertainty for decision-making. Keywords: information, data, transport, management, control, modelling, information model of an object, situational information model, informatin uncertainty, belief function, likelihood function.
32-46 252
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article continues the topic of optimal location of objects in the system of network structures (see World o f Transport and Transportation, 2017, Iss. 4 [5]), in particular, develops and focuses on theoretical and methodological approaches to modeling the distribution of service points for urban residents within the boundaries of a residential microdistrict with piecewise- constant density of settlement. The goal of such a scientifically grounded distribution is to minimize the costs of moving between objects, while observing rational proportions including transport demand with transport offers. Keywords: uniform distribution law, mathematical model, social object, transport, urban microdistrict, optimal location, extremum of functions.

SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

48-56 279
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT New versions of the modulator and demodulator (modem) for the digital railway radio communication system GSM-R have been developed, which increase the noise immunity twofold. To realize «cos» and «sin» blocks, a phase modulator is used, two coherent quadrature demodulators are connected to its output in parallel. It is shown that «cos» block generates the signal cos [msinφ(t)], which is transferred to the operating frequency of the transmitter by means of subsequent blocks representing the structure of the one-side amplitude modulation driver, forming the final phase-modulated signal. It is proposed to detect an FM signal not from the modulation envelope, as it is done customary, but coherently, which excludes the quadrature component of the interference. Keywords: railway, radio communication, digital signal, Gaussian filter, modulation, coherent FM signal detector, noise immunity, frequency efficiency.
58-66 300
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article is devoted to evaluation of efficiency of functioning of cars in mixed transportation while servicing consignors and consignees of high-capacity containers according to the existing and proposed technology. It is shown that the existing technology has a significant disadvantage: a total of 16 stages is used in the process of cargo delivery. A more rational technology is proposed with the use of a container developed by the authors with folding load-lifting pillars, which makes it possible to reduce the number of stages by almost half. The analysis of the factors determining the efficiency of road transport in the maintenance of containers based on the proposed self-unloading models is carried out. Keywords: car, mixed transportation, transportable container, load-lifting pillars, terminal complexes, cargo delivery, quality of service.
70-78 640
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The paper considers one of the promising directions for obtaining nanopowders by grinding materials in mills of various types and high power, as well as by dispersing alloys with a liquid or gas stream. Such nanopowders can be used as additives in the foundry industry in order to obtain more substantial strength characteristics of products intended for railway equipment. Widespread introduction of nanotechnology will ensure the dynamic development of Russian transport engineering and the creation of economical, highly efficient equipment that meets the requirements of reliability and sustainable operation of the transport complex. The main direction of the introduction of nanotechnologies at railway transport facilities is the use of nanopowders to harden the steels used for production of cars, rails, wheel sets and other strained parts of a railway train. Given the increased need for nanotechnology and nanopowders in the manufacture of modern technology, the question of including in the training programs for specialists in the field of operation of the transport complex sections on the study of the properties and characteristics of nanotechnology and nanopowders is ripe. Keywords: nanomaterials, nanopowders, nanotechnologies, technical means of railways, cars, high-speed railways, railway track, rolling stock.
80-87 243
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article discusses the phenomenon of power flow interruption in transmission of passenger cars, which is observed when switching the gear of a moving vehicle, as well as the conditions under which the car will roll back. Analysis of the principle of operation of speed change boxes of various types allows us to conclude that a rollback of a car with power flow interruption in transmission will not be observed for preselective transmission - in contrast to manual and robotized ones. Keywords: car, transmission, speed change box, power flow interruption, manual transmission, automatic transmission, stepless transmission, continuously variable transmission, robotized transmission.
88-101 281
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT Conditions of application of combined axial tools are considered to ensure maximum saving of machining time for parts. Their advantages compared to conventional tools are reflected - in addition to reducing the main technological time and auxiliary time, it is also a reduction in the number of technological equipment, increasing alignment and accuracy of the location of the individual stages of the machined holes. New, more advanced tool designs are shown, which are created taking into account the appearance of progressive materials and wear-resistant coatings. Keywords: transport engineering, metalworking, drill, countersink, machine time, axial tool, combined tool.

ECONOMICS

104-118 233
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The problems that arise at the present time should be solved in a comprehensive manner, applying a logistical approach, the use of which allows to treat all enterprises as separate systems. The application of the logistic approach presupposes a clearer description of the main business process, displaying the trajectory of material and information flows at the top level, as well as existing feedbacks. Optimization of processes occurs due to the elimination of unnecessary operations and simplification of the introduction of changes due to the standardization of the process. Description of business processes and their documentation, as well as control, analysis and adjustment of the process under the influence of feedbacks is nothing more than a subsystem of controlling of the overall logistics system of the enterprise. Controlling involves an integrated management system of the organization, aimed at coordinating the interaction of management systems and monitoring their effectiveness. At the heart of any controlling system is the documentation of the business process and its mandatory standardization. A step-by-step analysis of the model of business processes of the company «K» with elements of reengineering is carried out. Currently, the term «business process reengineering», according to the authors, means any change in the process, the rejection of established procedures, a fresh look at the work to create a product or a service and provide value to the client. Priority in the activity of any company is the satisfaction of the needs of customers and, accordingly, the profit. Customers evaluate the quality of service by comparing the expected quality characteristics and the quality characteristics of the actual service. The quality of service characteristic is a distinctive feature, a descriptive element of the customer service process. The gap between the expected quality of service and what has been received is called a «service expectation gap». The application of the logistic approach and Gap-analysis is demonstrated with the aim of improving the economic motivation and financial monitoring of client-oriented activities in the corporate and consumer markets. Based on the Gap-analysis, the authors proposed a model of differentiation and analysis of the inconsistencies in the actually provided quality of service to the customer’s service expectations, which makes it possible to identify and differentiate the reasons for the «gap» in the customer’s service expectations and the characteristics of actual services. Keywords: commodity circulation, controlling system, business processes, model, visualization, Gap-analysis, reengineering, logistics approach, intellectual warehouse.
120-124 318
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The possibilities of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) in the future micrologistics are analyzed. The foreign experience in the use of copters in the delivery of small cargoes is considered. The vectors of development of a similar technology in Russia have been determined. According to the authors, the integration of this type of transportation of goods will undoubtedly reduce costs and increase the speed of transportation of goods, which meets the basic characteristics of logistics. Like any revolutionary technology, this one is also connected with a number of legislative, information, and financial barriers that are to be overcome very soon. Keywords: logistics, light-weight cargo, drones, copters, unmanned aerial vehicles.
126-130 358
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article considers options for car fleet outsourcing. The benefits of each method are evaluated, advantages and disadvantages are compared. A brief analysis of the state of the operational leasing market in Russia is given. When comparing financial and operative or operational leasing, emphasis is placed on their ability to optimize the costs of using and maintaining the fleet in terms of its own and external management. Reform of the leasing market in Russia is considered. The definitions of such concepts as outsourcing, fleet management, operative or operational leasing are presented. The functions of fleet management are analyzed and defined. Positive and negative aspects of operative or operational leasing are presented. Features of the advantages of operative or operational leasing are singled out. The direction of operational automobile leasing in Russia has just begun to develop actively - since 2004. The analysis of development of operative or operational leasing by years is carried out. The issue is considered in what the operational lease differs from the financial one. Specific examples are offered that prove that these are completely different types of services. This is due to the fact that the task of operational lease is to provide the client with a service, financial - to finance the client. With financial leasing, it is important that a leasing company acquires property for its transfer to a specific client - in contrast to an operative or operational lease, when the lessor independently chooses the equipment and the supplier based on the availability of demand for it. According to the RAEX (Expert RA) survey, in 2017 the volume of leasing business grew by 58 % and amounted to 710 billion rubles. The main drivers of the market due to the implementation of state programs are transport segments. At the same time, thanks to deals with railway and aircraft engineering, the share of operational leasing in the new business reached 21 %. The main contribution to the development and growth of the leasing market in Russia in 2018 will be made by the automotive segment, the development of additional service programs and the client-centered approach of leasing companies. Keywords: car fleet outsourcing, fleet management, operational leasing, financial leasing, leasing market growth, leasing market reform.

ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL

132-139 371
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article contains recommendations on the track maintenance facilities organization on the pilot section of Moscow-Kazan high speed railway. Particularly, the authors suggest organization structure of current track maintenance, substantiate approaches to provision of track sections and local repair shops with track machinery, equipment and tools, arrangement of the number and locations of repair shops responsible for maintenance and repairing of track machinery and locomotives, of other technical equipment. Keywords: railway, high speed railway, track section, technical maintenance, current maintenance, organization structure, management, control system.
140-147 315
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT A special feature of suburban transportation is uneven distribution of passenger traffic over the seasons of the year, the days of the week and the hours of the day. In view of such differentiation by the hour of the day, the schedule of suburban trains on pre-weekend and weekend days differs significantly from the schedule on working days. The article proposes a technique for maximizing the number of suburban trains in the traffic schedule for the weekend with a fixed number of trains, which allows for a smooth transition from the basic traffic schedule to the schedule during the peak period without increasing the number of trains in circulation. Keywords: railway transport, suburban trains, transportation process, organization of passenger transportation.
148-154 285
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article considers a new approach in the design of bridges (BIM-technology), which consists of creating a digital information model containing all information about the future object. When using BIM-technology, the changes made are automatically synchronized and updated for all participants in the process. The review and the comparative analysis of the software complexes realizing a design task: Revit and Tekla is executed. The Revit program has a large number of building element libraries. There are no such libraries for bridges, so special tools are needed, the creation of which requires considerable effort and time. The Tekla program offers a large library of useful elements, a functional interface for designing nodes and convenient means of generating custom extensions. Keywords: bridge, digital model, BIM-technology, information modeling, computer-aided design system, software complexes.
156-161 487
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The authors propose measures to optimize the urban route network of passenger transport. In accordance with the tasks of optimization, a program and methodology for the survey of passenger flows, a more rational scheme for the route network, a transport macro model for the city, a passenger navigation system for the GLONASS or GLONASS/ GPS monitoring system, security monitoring systems and mobile objects management were developed. Keywords: public transport, urban route network, passenger transportation, optimization, monitoring, GLONASS, macro model, passenger flows.
162-169 256
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The author reviews and assesses the prospects for development of space tourism in the near future, analyzes the activities of both public and private companies and their cooperation. The advantages and disadvantages of the travels of «amateur cosmonauts», their place in the system of classification of the types of tourism are revealed. Based on the review, the conclusion was made about the reality of the emergence of a new tourism industry, the feasibility of investing additional financial resources in the development of space tourism in Russia and the outlooks of Russian private space companies are justified. Keywords: space tourism, new-generation missiles, extraterrestrial routes, private space companies, moon colonization, colonization of Mars.
170-180 216
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article gives an assessment of the legislative base on the basis of which the document circulation in the transport system (including the railway) is provided. First of all, the authors focus on the documentary support for management processes, the regulatory and guiding information, which is fixed in legally significant documents and databases, and is the prerogative of the office, the secretariat, the general department, the management of the affairs of companies, corporate structures, various branch organizations. The authors pay particular attention to the problems of combining paper and electronic document circulation, the possibility to increase the share of network and information technologies, and to stimulate this growth legislatively. Keywords: transport, management system, document circulation, legislative base, electronic information technologies, electronic signature, information protection.

SAFETY AND SECURITY

182-193 266
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 17-20-03034). ABSTRACT The article is devoted to development of a system for the intelligent analysis of video recordings of external surveillance cameras, which makes it possible to identify dangerous situations at railway facilities using the example of detection of falls in the track area. A method of preprocessing a video for the purpose of forming a feature space based on the use of background subtraction using the Gaussian mixture method, followed by tracking the movement of a person with the help of the Kalman filter and deformation of the shape of the mobile object as a result of applying the procrustean analysis is proposed. The selection of the optimal composition of the feature space and additional heuristics providing the isolation of episodes of falls from video recording with an average quality of the Cohen’s kappa 0,62 is compared with the visual analysis by the operator. Keywords: railway, safety, video surveillance, intelligent video analysis, motion recognition, machine learning, form analysis.
194-205 234
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].The work was carried out within the framework of the grant of JSC Russian Railways for the development of scientific and pedagogical schools in the field of railway transport. ABSTRACT The article describes the essence of the problem of emergencies in areas with increased intensity of the transportation process. Methods and technical solutions in the field of rail track monitoring based on aerospace technologies are shown. The results of the experimental operation of cars with an axial load of 27 tf / axis are presented, which included tracking the dynamics of the geometric parameters of the track and adjacent territories using tele-shooting using a drone (quadrocopter-drone). Keywords: railway, increased axial load, aerial survey, monitoring, emergency situations, impact on the track.
206-221 779
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The structure of risk assessment method in the field of functional traffic safety on the infrastructure of JSC Russian Railways, related to the competence of the management of track and structures, is considered. Modeling of probability of risk is made with the help of the tree of events, and the formation of a model adequately describing the integrity and risk function is based on analysis of the technology of the protective complex. To analyze the dynamics of risk in the most critical positions and identify priority areas for implementation of corrective measures, matrix of significance of factors determined by the function of risk is used. Keywords: railway, infrastructure, traffic safety, risk assessment, permissible risk, assessment of the importance of factors, control of probability of violations, corrective measures.

HISTORY WHEEL

224-233 242
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The name of the Russian economist, the statistician Alexander Chuprov occupies an honorable place in the history of science. And above all, he is known for his interest in the problems of railways, which in XIX century became the main engine of social progress. The contribution of the scientist to the theory of costs of railway transport is analyzed in the article. It is shown that he prepared the basis for all subsequent studies in this field, including such areas as classification of costs, an assessment of their dependence on traffic volumes (traffic sizes) and other factors, an estimate of the cost ratio with various meters of transport work. It was noted that as a result of development of the basic provisions of the railway economy laid down in those years, it was possible to create scientifically based tools for managing the efficiency of the industry. Keywords: railways, economy, Alexander Chuprov, production costs, traffic size, cost classification, history.
234-255 286
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The Moscow railway junction, rapidly developing, by the end of 19th century no longer coped with cargo transportation. The reason for this was the dead-end organization of the stations, both in Russia and Europe, which played the role of terminal stations in large cities. After many but unsuccessful attempts to unload the railway terminal in Moscow, a decision was made to create a circular railway (Moscow Circular Railway (MCR)) in order to connect the dead-end radial branches and make the system more flexible and maneuverable. Well-known architects and engineers were invited to design and build the new railway, budgetary funds were allocated, emphasizing the special importance of the facility for the state: the European countries and Russia stood on the verge of the First World War, and the predictable collapse of rolling stock threatened the railways with inevitable calamities. Under these conditions, MCR became a universal complex of engineering structures and civil buildings, not only serving transshipment of goods and transporting passengers, but also containing pedestrian overpass bridges and soldiers’ barracks for mobile transfer of troops, as well as telegraph and telephone points of communication. This railway has been operating for 110 years and after reconstruction has received a new appointment as part of urban passenger transport. Keywords: Moscow Circular Railway, history projects, architecture, stations, bridges, stations, topography, reconstruction, urban transport functions.

NEW FROM ARCHIVES

256-258 244
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].The cable (funiculaire) railway in Paris, between place de la Republique and I’glise de Belleville, was built by the French anonymous company and was open to the public in 1891. I. TSIKHANOVICH. Zheleznodorozhnoe delo. - № 43-44. - 1896. - pp. 363-364. The editorial staff express their gratitude to the staff of the Library of Russian University of Transport for their help in preparing the material.

BIBLIO-DIRECTIONS

260-264 204
Abstract
[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].McCullough David. The Wright Brothers. Trans. from English. Moscow, Alpina Non-Fiction publ., 2017, 338 p. ABSTRACT The book of the twice Pulitzer Prize winner narrates with biographical and historical details about the destiny of two sons of the American Bishop of Ohio who «secretly» built their flying machine. Being owners of a modest bicycle workshop and not having a technical education, they designed and tested the world’s first manned airplane - after making four flights with a man on board in December 1903, their «Flyer» dramatically changed the course of Earth’s history, laid the foundation for the era of aviation technology, airspace of our planet. Keywords: airplane, aviation, Wright brothers, history, biography, dream embodiment.
265-266 195
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].
267-268 202
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)]. List of books on transport and transportation recently published in Russia is enclosed in attached PDF-file.List compiled by Natalia OLEYNIK
269-284 200
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].

EXPRESS INFORMATION

31 195
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].A discussion on the topic «High-Speed Main Line Eurasia, Geopolitics and Technologies» was held in the framework of the forum «Transport of Russia 2017». It was attended by representatives of the expert and scientific community and machine-building and design organisations, as well as managers from Russian Railways. According to press release of the JSC Russian Railways and own information
57 217
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].The model for the electronic consignment note was published at the beginning of December 2017 for external review over a two-month period, representing the final step to ensure compatibility between all future digital solutions for international road transport. IRU Web-site: https://www.iru.org/resources/newsroom/ e-cmr-standardised-compatibility-between-all-future-digital-solutions
67-69 200
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].The first successful intermodal TIR customs transit system operation involving road, sea and rail on a corridor linking Europe to the Middle East has demonstrated a 5-day time saving, with significant potential to reduce costs and boost trade. IRU Web-site: https://www.iru.org/resources/ newsroom/first-intermodal-tir-operation-containing-rail-maritime-and-road-legs
79 217
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].Barcelona will host several scientific conferences in September 2018.
102 208
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].On 16 November 2017, Oleg Belozerov, President of Open Joint Stock Company (OJSC) Russian Railways, and Kanat Alpysbayev, President of JSC National Company Kazakhstan Temir Zholy [Kazakhstan Railways], signed a Memorandum of Cooperation between Russian Railways and the Aktobe Rail and Beam Plant LLP.
119 364
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].Paving the way for future digitalised logistics operations with the adoption of the electronic consignment note, this week’s Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Coordination Transport Council meeting in Moscow has resulted in recommendations for member states to accede to the e-CMR protocol. IRU Web-site: https://www.iru.org/resources/ newsroom/sights-fixed-e-cmr-commonwealth-independent-states
125 262
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].From 27 November till 1 December 2017, Warsaw, the capital of the Republic of Poland, hosted the third Session of the International Conference for the adoption of the text of the Convention on Direct International Railway Traffic, in which delegations from the following OSJD member states took part. OSJD Web-site: http://osjd.org/newso/ public/ru? STRUCTURE_ID=5040&layer_ id=5541&refererLayerId=5540&id=77
155 196
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].A tripartite meeting of border railway commissions from the Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China and Mongolia has been held in Irkutsk. Based on press release of JSC Russian Railways: http://eng.rzd.ru/newse/public/en? STRUCTURE_ID=15&layer_id=4839&refererLa yerId=5074&id=107173
222 205
Abstract
[For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ICAO’s first Safety and Air Navigation Implementation Symposium (SANIS/1) was held on December 13-15, 2017. Based on ICAO news: https://www.icao. int/Newsroom/Pages/ICAO-convenes- Safety-and-Air-Navigation-Implementation- Symposium-.aspx


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ISSN 1992-3252 (Print)