Improving Locomotive Traction and Adhesion Properties by Improving the Undercarriage

The study considers the issue of increasing traction properties of freight locomotives under the conditions of the Eastern Polygon, the eastern part of the Russian railway network. The analysis results have allowed identifying design factors influencing the adhesion properties of locomotive and suggesting an extended classification of methods for improving the adhesion properties by selecting rational design solutions for the undercarriage.

It is established that for unified three-axle bogies of domestic freight diesel locomotives, the factors leading to a decrease in the adhesion coefficient in operation include a significant base length, unbalanced spring suspension and insufficient rigidity of the body supports resting on the bogie with the upper location of the kingpin, while for bogies of electric locomotives with brushless traction electric motors they include a rigid connection of the engine rotor with the wheelset, leading to the occurrence of high dynamic torques. It is proposed to use balanced pneumatic spring suspension and increase the rigidity of rubber-metal supports as measures for modernisation of diesel locomotive bogies, and for the prospective unified undercarriage of diesel and electric locomotives – to refuse from placing the fuel tank under the body and to use two-axle bogies with a frame-support traction drive with an axial gearbox, or with an axle-support drive of the aggregate type, having an elastic coupling, damping dynamic loads. The obtained results give grounds to believe that these measures will increase the coefficient of adhesion during operation from 0,27 to 0,3… 0,33.

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