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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mirtr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мир транспорта</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>World of Transport and Transportation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-3252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian University of Transport (RUT)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30932/1992-3252-2024-22-5-4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mirtr-2768</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУКА И ТЕХНИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ механических и триботехнических характеристик полиамида и композитов на его основе, применяемых на транспорте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Polyamide and Polyamide-Based Composites Used in Transport</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4130-6511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюков</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biryukov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирюков Владимир Павлович – кандидат технических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник; доцент, внешний совместитель кафедры технологии транспортного машиностроения и ремонта подвижного состава </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biryukov, Vladimir P., Ph.D. (Eng), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of Mechanical Engineering; External Part-Time Worker at the Department of Transport Engineering Technology and Rolling Stock Repair </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laser-52@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-2525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубовский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubovsky</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якубовский Антон Алексеевич – младший научный сотрудник; аспирант </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakubovsky, Anton A., Junior Researcher of Mechanical Engineering; Ph.D. Student at the Department of Mechanical Engineering </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.at444@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт машиноведения им. А. А. Благонравова, Российская академия наук;&#13;
Российский университет транспорта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. A. Blagonravov Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Russian University of Transport</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бирюков В.П., Якубовский А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бирюков В.П., Якубовский А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Biryukov V.P., Yakubovsky A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2768">https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2768</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время широкое применение на транспортных средствах находят детали, выполненные из резины и полимеров. Анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы показал, что недостаточно изучено взаимодействие стальных деталей, резины и полимеров при высоких контактных давлениях, при которых наступает заедание в парах трения, воздействия на полимерные материалы и резину свободного и закрепленного абразива. Кроме того, для серийно выпускаемых полиамидов и их композитов малоизученными остаются вопросы влияния давления и скорости скольжения на моменты трения в парах трения со стальными поверхностями. В работе представлены результаты по определению триботехнических свойств полиамидов ПА-6, маслонаполненных полиамидов с дисульфидом молибдена (ПА-6+MoS2 ), полиамидов ПА-6 с графитом (ПА-6+Гр) при трении по стали 40Х с различной шероховатостью поверхности, свободным и закрепленным абразивным зерном в сравнении с эталоном, резиной, бутадиен-нитрильным каучуком (БНК). Триботехнические испытания выполняли по схемам: «широкая сторона плоского образца (полиамид, композит, БНК) – торец кольцевой поверхности втулки контробразца (сталь 40Х)» и «кольцевая поверхность резинового диска – широкая сторона плоского образца (полиамид, композит, БНК)» при подаче в зону трения кварцевого песка. Целью исследования было определение зависимости моментов трения от давления и скорости скольжения, давления заедания от скорости скольжения, потери массы образцов при трении по свободному и закрепленному абразивному зерну серийно выпускаемых полиамида ПА-6 и композитов полиамида маслонаполненного с дисульфидом молибдена ПА-6+МоS2 , полиамида с графитом ПА-6+Гр в сравнении с эталонным материалом, резиной, бутадиен-нитрильным каучуком (БНК). Результаты экспериментов могут быть полезны при разработке новых изделий и для замены резиновых прокладок, бронзовых втулок, уплотнений, гофр и других деталей на транспорте и в подвижном составе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, parts made of rubber and polymers are widely used in vehicles. Analysis of domestic and foreign literature has shown that the interaction of steel parts, rubber and polymers at high contact pressures, at which seizure in friction pairs and the effects of free and fixed abrasive on polymer materials and rubber occur, have not been sufficiently studied. Besides, for serially produced polyamides and their composites, the issues of the influence of pressure and sliding speed on friction torque in friction pairs with steel surfaces remain poorly studied. The paper presents the results of determining the tribological behaviours of PA6 polyamides, oil-filled polyamides with molybdenum disulfide (PA6+MoS2 ), PA6 polyamides filled with graphite (PA6+Gr) during friction on 40X steel with different surface roughness, free and fixed abrasive grain in comparison with the reference material, rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Tribological tests were performed according to the following schemes: «wide side of a flat sample (polyamide, composite, NBR) – end face of the annular surface of the counter-sample bushing (40X steel) and «annular surface of a rubber disk – wide side of a flat sample (polyamide, composite, NBR)» with quartz sand fed into the friction zone. The objective of the study was to determine the dependence of friction torque on the pressure and sliding speed, the seizure pressure on the sliding speed, the loss of mass of samples during friction on free and fixed abrasive grain of serially manufactured polyamide PA6, and oil-filled polyamides with molybdenum disulfide (PA6+MoS2 ), PA6 polyamides filled with graphite (PA6+Gr) in comparison with the reference material, rubber, NBR. The experimental results can be useful in developing new products and for replacing rubber gaskets, bronze bushings, seals, corrugations and other parts in transport and rolling stock.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подвижной состав</kwd><kwd>полиамид</kwd><kwd>коэффициент трения</kwd><kwd>скорость скольжения</kwd><kwd>износ</kwd><kwd>закрепленное абразивное зерно</kwd><kwd>композиционный полимер</kwd><kwd>абразивный износ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rolling stock</kwd><kwd>polyamide</kwd><kwd>friction coefficient</kwd><kwd>sliding speed</kwd><kwd>wear</kwd><kwd>fixed abrasive grain</kwd><kwd>composite polymer</kwd><kwd>abrasive wear.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horst, J. J., Salienko, N. V., Spoormaker, J. L. 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