mirtrМир транспортаWorld of Transport and Transportation1992-3252Russian University of Transport (RUT)10.30932/1992-3252-2024-22-3-1mirtr-2723Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИTHEORYТранспортные онтологииTransport and Transportation Ontologieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-2788КуджС. А.KudzhS. A.

Кудж Станислав Алексеевич – доктор технических наук, доцент, ректор 

Москва

Web of Science Researcher ID: AAG-1319–2019; Scopus Author ID: 56521711400; РИНЦ Author ID: 723257

Kudzh, Stanislav A., D.Sc. (Eng), Associate Professor, Rector

Moscow

Web of Science Researcher ID: AAG-1319-2019; Scopus Author ID: 56521711400; Russian Science Citation Author ID: 723257

rektor@mirea.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-3369КурдюковН. С.KurdyukovN. S.

Курдюков Никита Сергеевич – аспирант кафедры инструментального и прикладного программного обеспечения (ИППО) института информационных технологий

Web of Science Researcher ID: KCY-1854-2024; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 8535-1612; РИНЦ Author ID: 1236094

Kurdyukov, Nikita S., Ph. D. Student at the Department of Instrumental and Application Software of the Institute of Information Technologies

Moscow

Web of Science Researcher ID: KCY-1854-2024; Russian Science Citation Author ID: 1236094

nskurdyukov@gmail.comРоссийский технологический университет (РТУ МИРЭА)РоссияRussian Technological University (RTU MIREA)Russian Federation202407042025223611Copyright © Кудж С.А., Курдюков Н.С., 20252025Кудж С.А., Курдюков Н.С.Kudzh S.A., Kurdyukov N.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2723

Цель описываемой в статье работы состоит в анализе особенностей применения онтологий в транспортнойсфере. Изучены методы построения онтологий, информационная неопределенность, препятствующая образованиюонтологий. Введены термины «транспортная онтология»,«онтологическое управление», «онтологическая информационная неопределенность».

Основными методами исследования являлись системный, онтологический, качественный и сравнительный анализ.

С учетом того, что применение онтологий для управления транспортом практикуется последние двадцать лет,накопленный в этой сфере опыт, развитие онтологийи современное технологическое состояние транспортнойинфраструктуры дают основание ввести понятия «транспортная онтология» и «онтологическое управление». Основанные на них подходы имеют критически важное значениедля дальнейшего развития транспортной системы, цифрового транспорта, эффективного управления объектамитранспортной инфраструктуры. Предложен краткий анализприменения онтологий в транспортной сфере, в том числепостроения прикладных онтологий, к числу которых относится и транспортная онтология.

Подчеркнуто значение семантических отношений для формирования прикладных онтологий. Описаны проблемы интеграции информации и обосновано применение онтологических информационных единиц для формирования онтологий. Констатируется, что в силу отсутствия общего метода построения онтологий в настоящее время в транспортной сфере преобладают частные онтологии, основные из которых перечислены в статье. Отмечен метод применения маркировки для построения онтологий и описано применение графовых баз данных для моделирования семантики, при этом показано, что препятствиями для формирования онтологий являются многообразие информационных систем и большое количество фактических данных, применяемых в современном управлении транспортом, которое объективно содержит информационную неопределенность. В этом контексте описаны типы неопределенности и методы их устранения.

The objective of the study described in the article was to analyse the features of application of ontologies in the field of transport and transportation. It referred to the exploration of the methods of building ontologies as well as to the information uncertainty hampering building ontologies, based on introduced terms of «transport and transportation ontologies», «ontological management» and «ontological information uncertainty».

The main research methods comprised system, ontological, qualitative and comparative analysis.

Since the use of ontologies for transport management has been practiced for the last twenty years, the accumulated experience in that field, development of ontologies and the current state of transport infrastructure technology provide grounds for introducing the concepts of «transport and transportation ontology» and «ontological management». The approaches based on those concepts are critically important for further development of transport system, digital transport, efficient management of transport infrastructure objects. A brief analysis of the application of ontologies in the field of transport and transportation refers also to the building of applied ontologies that embrace among others transport and transportation ontology.

The study highlights the significance of semantic relationships for building applied ontologies, describes problems of information integration and offers rationale for the use of ontological units of information for building ontologies. It is noted that since a generally shared method of building ontologies is missing, transport and transportation field is now characterised by prevalence of private ontologies, some of them are listed in the article. While highlighting labelling method to build ontologies and describing application of graph databases for modelling semantics, it is shown that building of ontologies is hindered by the diversity of information systems and by a large amount of factual data used in modern transport management that objectively entail information uncertainty, the types there-of as well as methods of their elimination being described.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.