mirtrМир транспортаWorld of Transport and Transportation1992-3252Russian University of Transport (RUT)10.30932/1992-3252-2022-20-5-5mirtr-2352Research ArticleУПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ЭКОНОМИКАMANAGEMENT, CONTROL AND ECONOMICSЦенообразование в сфере автомобильных грузовых перевозокPricing in Road Freight Transporthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-2439ПолякМ.PoliakM.

Поляк Милош – Ph.D., профессор, кафедра автомобильного и городского транспорта факультета эксплуатации и экономики транспорта и связи

Жилина

Poliak, Miloš, Professor Ing., Ph.D., Department of Road and Urban Transport, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications

Žilina

milos.poliak@fpedas.uniza.skЛахметкинаН. Ю.LachmetkinaN. Yu.

Лахметкина Наталья Юрьевна – кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры логистических транспортных систем и технологий, заместитель начальника учебного отдела Института управления и цифровых технологий

Москва

Lachmetkina, Natalia Yu., Ph.D. (Eng), Associate Professor at the Department of Logistics Transport Systems and Technologies, Deputy Head of the Educational Division of the Institute of Management and Digital Technologies

Moscow

naturla@mail.ruЖилинский университетСловакияUniversity of ŽilinaSlovakiaРоссийский университет транспортаРоссияRussian University of TransportRussian Federation2022100420232053545Copyright © Поляк М., Лахметкина Н.Ю., 20232023Поляк М., Лахметкина Н.Ю.Poliak M., Lachmetkina N.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2352

Формирование цен на автомобильные грузовые перевозки в Центральной Европе за последние 30 лет претерпело значительные изменения. В регулируемой экономике перевозчики применяли обязательные тарифы, вследствие чего после либерализации рынка они оказались не готовы к самостоятельному ценообразованию. Расчёты цен прошли несколько этапов развития. В настоящее время сложились системы расчёта затрат, основанные на разделении затрат на переменные и постоянные. После присоединения стран Центральной Европы к Европейскому союзу конкуренция в этом секторе значительно возросла. При расчёте цены на транспортировку перевозчики используют коэффициент использования поездок (рейсов), который корректирует расходы, связанные с перевозкой, с учётом порожнего перемещения транспортного средства, которое должен осуществить перевозчик.Цель данной статьи – доказать, что с точки зрения конкурентоспособности ценообразования применение коэффициента использования поездок в качестве постоянного коэффициента экономически необоснованно. В статье авторы доказывают, что значение коэффициента зависит не только от маршрута грузоперевозки, но и от времени, затрачиваемого на осуществление перевозки.

Creation of price in road freight transport in Central Europe has undergone significant changes in the last 30 years. Transporters in regulated economy used mandatory tariffs, after the liberalisation of the market they were subsequently not prepared for their own price creation. Price calculation has gone through several stages of development. At present, there are existing cost calculations that are based on the division of costs into variable and fixed ones. After the accession of Central European countries to the European Union, competition in this sector has increased significantly. When calculating the price for transport, transporters use a coefficient of exploitation of journeys, which adjust the costs associated with the transport so that the costs also take into account the journey with the vehicle, which the transporter must carry out without the shipment.The aim of this paper is to prove that from the point of view of the competitiveness of price creation it is not economically correct to use the coefficient of exploitation of journeys as a constant coefficient. The authors prove in the article that the value of the coefficient depends not only on the route of consignment transport but also on the time of transport realisation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.