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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mirtr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мир транспорта</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>World of Transport and Transportation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-3252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian University of Transport (RUT)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-3-6-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mirtr-1662</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейронная сеть для прогнозирования нагрузок энергопотребления сортировочного узла</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neural Network for Forecasting Energy Consumption Load of a Railway Marshalling Yard</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гридин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gridin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, научный руководитель</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (Eng), professor, scientific director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@ditc.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доенин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doenin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник, профессор Российского университета транспорта</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (Eng), senior researcher, professor of Russian University of Transport</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@ditc.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панищев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panishchev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Eng), senior researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gskunk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бысов</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bysov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент магистратуры</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master’s student</p><p>Kursk,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bysov93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр информационных технологий в проектировании Российской академии&#13;
наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Information Technologies in Design of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Юго-Западный государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southwest State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гридин В.Н., Доенин В.В., Панищев В.С., Бысов И.Д., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гридин В.Н., Доенин В.В., Панищев В.С., Бысов И.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gridin V.N., Doenin V.V., Panishchev V.S., Bysov I.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1662">https://mirtr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1662</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложено описание многослойной нейронной сети, предназначенной для предсказания среднесуточного потребления электроэнергии сортировочным узлом железной дороги. Для решения данной задачи была построена модель на основе многослойного персептрона, использующая 22 входа, n-ое количество скрытых слоёв и один выход. Количество скрытых слоёв в нейросети и нейронов в них было подобрано экспериментально.Проведён сравнительный подбор функций активации и методов обучения, позволяющих при всех прочих параметрах достичь минимальной средней относительной ошибки.Выделено два вида нагрузок, соответствующих праздничным (нерабочим) и рабочим дням, что потребовало введения одного дополнительного входного узла с двоичным кодированием и двух узлов для кодирования времени года, что обусловлено определённой повторяемостью характеризующих выборок предсказания нагрузок потребления энергии узла сортировочной станции в зависимости от типа дня и времени года. Важнейшим фактором также являлся учёт зависимости прогноза от значений нагрузки в предыдущие дни и годы (динамические зависимости), и в данной нейросети учтено среднесуточное потребление энергии по данным четырёх предыдущих дней текущего периода и четырёх предыдущих дней за последние три года.В итоге, с учётом всех факторов и экспериментально подобранных параметров нейросети, минимальная получившаяся погрешность MAPE составляет порядка 1,4 %, что, в сравнении с двумя сторонними решениями для данной задачи, показывает преимущество разработанной нейросети.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A multilayer neural network has been designed to forecast average daily energy consumption of a railway marshalling yard. The suggested model comprises a multilayer perceptron using 22 inputs, the n-th number of hidden layers and one output. The number of hidden layers in the neural network and neurons in them was chosen experimentally. A comparative selection of activation functions and training methods has allowed for all other parameters to achieve a minimum average relative error. Two types of loads corresponding to holidays (non-working) and working days were identified. An additional input node with binary coding and two nodes for coding the season were introduced due to a certain repeatability characterizing samples of prediction of loads of energy consumption of the marshalling yard depending on type of a day and on a season. As accounting of the dependence of the forecast on load values in previous days and years (dynamic dependencies) is most important factor, this neural network takes into account the average daily energy consumption during four days of the current period, precedingthe forecasted date, and the average daily power consumption during four days prior to this date during last three years.As a result, considering all factors and experimentally selected parameters of the neural network, the minimum resulting error of MAPE is about 1,4 %, which shows the advantage of the developed neural network in comparison with two other methods of solution of the problem, suggested by other researchers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>многослойная нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>персептрон</kwd><kwd>электроэнергия</kwd><kwd>предсказание нагрузок</kwd><kwd>сортировочный узел</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multilayer neural network</kwd><kwd>forecast</kwd><kwd>perceptron</kwd><kwd>electric power</kwd><kwd>load prediction</kwd><kwd>marshalling yard</kwd><kwd>railways</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ, проект 17–20–01133 офи_м_РЖД.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахметьянов Р. 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